Bufo nebulifer

Scientific name. Bufo nebulifer

Common Name. Gulf Coast Toad

General information. Bufo nebulifer feeds on insects attracted to light sources and is most active at twilight.

Protected status. The Gulf Coast Toad is not a protected species in Texas and can be legally collected with a hunting license.

Diagnostic features. Cranial crests well defined and form a “valley” between them. Parotoid glands, connected to the cranial crests, are triangular Rather flat toad

Coloration. Dorsal color varies from almost black to brownish-yellow. Broad dark stripe down each side of dorsum, each with light stripes just above Additional light middorsal stripe present. Male throat yellow-green, female throat not pigmented.

General distribution. In North America, Bufo nebulifer is found along the Gulf Coast from Louisiana to northern Mexico.

Texas distribution. In Texas, Bufo nebulifer is found in central and south Texas, along with the southern portion of east Texas.

Habitat. The habitat of Bufo nebulifer varies widely from coastal prairies and barrier beaches along the Gulf of Mexico to roadside and irrigation ditches to urban/suburban sewers and backyard gardens.

Reproduction. Breeding in Bufo nebulifer takes place from March to September.

Size. Bufo nebulifer grows to an adult size of 5-10 cm (2-4 in).

Calls.

Map. Orange counties indicate new county records since previous Herps of Texas update in 1998; all other colored counties reflect known distribution prior to 1998 for species and/or subspecies. Map is based on museum voucher specimens.